Definition – What is a rapid test for streptococci?
Streptococci belong to the coccus family and are a group of gram-positive bacteria. A so-called streptococcal rapid test is used to diagnose an infection of the upper respiratory tract with streptococcus bacteria of serotype A. The advantage of such a diagnostic procedure is that the rapid test can be carried out easily and quickly by the person concerned at home.
Indications for a rapid test
If an infection with Group A Streptococci is suspected, a rapid test offers an initial detection of these bacteria. Group A Streptococci are beta-hemolytic streptococci, also known as “Streptococcus pyogenes”. This type of streptococci leads to a complete destruction of red blood cells (complete hemolysis) in case of infection. Typical infectious diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes are scarlet fever, tonsillitis or erythema.
What can I not test with the quick test?
The test does not differentiate between streptococci that have an asymptomatic course of disease and those with a pronounced clinical picture. In addition, the test may give false negative results if the antigen concentration is still very low in a fresh infection. In both cases a bacterial culture can be prepared from the sample.
False-positive results can also occur, although this is very rare. Such results are obtained if the throat swab is colonized with excessive amounts of the bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus. Another aspect that the rapid test cannot detect are infections of the respiratory tract caused by other bacterial species or streptococcal species other than type A.
Can I get it over the counter at the pharmacy?
Streptococcus rapid tests can be easily purchased over the counter from pharmacies. The costs here amount to 15 to 30 euros depending on the manufacturer.
Can you do this at home?
The test can be purchased at the pharmacy and easily performed at home. If the test result is positive or if symptoms persist, a doctor should be consulted at the latest.