Occipital lobe Anatomy & Function: In the occipital lobe, which is located in the posterior fossa above the cerebellum, lies the visual center, i.e. part of the visual system. The information comes from the retina via the optic nerve (2nd cranial nerve) into the optic chiasm (optic nerve crossing), where the information of the outer … Occipital lobe | Neocortex
The cerebral ventricles are the cavities of the brain that produce the vital cerebrospinal fluid. The brain‘s ventricular system consists of a total of four ventricles that communicate with each other and with the outer cerebrospinal fluid space in the connective tissue layer of the spinal cord. One of the most common complaints associated with … Brain Ventricles: Structure, Function & Diseases
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the body fluid that constantly flows around the brain and spinal cord in what is known as the inner and outer CSF spaces. It is a system of interconnected cavities. The CSF renews itself up to four times a day in a continuous process of production and reabsorption. An important primary … Cerebrospinal Fluid: Structure, Function & Diseases
Symptoms Patients who are in a persistent vegetative state appear awake at first glance, but are not able to communicate with their environment. It is impossible for them to carry out everyday activities, to eat or drink independently. Typical symptoms are automated movements, bowel and bladder incontinence, spasms in arms and legs, and retained reflexes. … Symptoms | Coma vigil
Prognosis The prognosis for a patient with apallic coma is generally poor. Significantly less than half of the patients recover from this condition, since in most cases severe brain damage has preceded it. Nevertheless, there are various parameters that speak for a better prognosis. These include a young age of the patient, less than 24 … Prognosis | Coma vigil
Introduction The so-called waking coma is a condition in which the cerebral functions fail while the functions of the brain stem, spinal cord, cerebellum and some interbrain functions are maintained. This is usually the result of severe brain damage, for example in an accident. In medicine, coma vigil is also known as apallic syndrome. The … Coma vigil
Synonym ProsencephalonThe forebrain is a part of the brain and thus belongs to the central nervous system. It includes the diencephalon (diencephalon) and the cerebrum (telencephalon). These emerge from the forebrain vesicle during the embryonic development phase of the brain. The forebrain has a multitude of functions, the cerebrum is essential for numerous processes such … Forebrain
Epithamalus The epithalamus sits on the thalamus from behind. Two important structures of the epithalamus are the pineal gland and the area pretectalis. The pineal gland produces melatonin. This is an important hormone in the mediation of the circadian rhythm and thus the sleep-wake rhythm. The area pretectalis plays a role in the switching of … Epithamalus | Forebrain
Cerebrum Synonym: Telencephalon Definition: The cerebrum is also called the end brain and is a part of the central nervous system. It consists of two hemispheres, separated by the longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum. The two hemispheres can be further divided into four lobes. Here, innumerable integration processes take place, including the following: Anatomy: A … Cerebrum | Forebrain
Limbic system Anatomy & Function: The centers belonging to the limbic system are sometimes not clearly defined. They are all located near the brain bar (corpus callosum). The limbic system generally includes the following structures: The amygdala lies in the temporal lobe. It plays a decisive role in the emotionally determined regulation of vegetative parameters. … Limbic system | Forebrain
Introduction Basically every person has a certain tremor, which manifests itself in the form of slight trembling. However, the normal, physiological tremor is usually not noticeable because it is too weak. However, there are several diseases, such as Parkinson’s, which can cause increased tremor. Among these types of tremor, the essential tremor stands out, as … Essential Tremor
Diagnostics To diagnose essential tremor, a detailed medical history, a neurological examination and, if necessary, laboratory diagnostics are performed. The diagnosis of essential tremor is an exclusion diagnosis. All other diseases that could lead to this symptomatology are excluded by diagnostic measures, so that in the end it is very likely that the diagnosis of … Diagnostics | Essential Tremor
