Products In many countries, drugs containing butalbital are no longer approved (e.g., Cafergot-PB). Combination products are still on the market in some countries, including the United States, where numerous products are available. Structure and properties Butalbital (C11H16N2O3, Mr = 224.3 g/mol) or 5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid exists as a slightly bitter, white, odorless, crystalline powder that is … Butalbital
Products Prazepam is commercially available in tablet form (Demetrin). It has been approved in many countries since 1977. Structure and properties Prazepam (C19H17ClN2O, Mr = 324.8 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It carries a cyclopropyl group. Effects Prazepam (ATC N05BA11) has antianxiety, sedative, relaxant, and depressant properties. … Prazepam
Products Alfentanil is commercially available as a solution for injection (Rapifen). It has been approved in many countries since 1983. Structure and properties Alfentanil (C21H32N6O3, Mr = 416.5 g/mol) is a 4-anilidopiperidine and a tetrazole derivative. It is present in the drug as alfentanil hydrochloride, a white powder that is readily soluble in water. The … Alfentanil
Products Dimetinden maleate is available as oral drops (Feniallerg drops). They were formerly called Fenistil drops. The drug has been approved in many countries since 1961. Structure and properties Dimetindene (C20H24N2, Mr = 292.4 g/mol) is present in drugs as dimetindene maleate, a white crystalline powder that is poorly soluble in water. The name is … Dimetinden Maleate Drops
Products Dimenhydrinate is commercially available in the form of tablets, dragées, [chewing gum dragées>chewing gum], and capsules, among others. Since 2012, a combination with the calcium channel blocker cinnarizine has been approved in many countries (Arlevert) see under Cinnarizine and Dimenhydrinate. Structure and properties Dimenhydrinate (C24H28ClN5O3, Mr = 470.0 g/mol) is the salt of diphenhydramine … Dimenhydrinate
Products Dimetinden maleate is commercially available as drops, gel, lotion, nasal spray, and nasal drops (Fenistil, Feniallerg, Vibrocil, Otriduo). The nasal products also contain the vasoconstrictor phenylephrine. The Fenistil products used internally (systemically) were renamed Feniallerg in 2009. The capsules and dragées are no longer available. Structure and properties Dimetind (C20H24N2, Mr = 292.4 g/mol) … Dimetindenmaleate
Products Ketamine is commercially available as a solution for injection (Ketalar, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1969. Esketamine nasal spray was approved in 2019 (Switzerland: 2020) for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (see there). Structure and properties Ketamine (C13H16ClNO, Mr = 237.7 g/mol) is a cyclohexanone derivative derived from phencyclidine (“angel … Ketamine: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Ketazolam is commercially available in capsule form (Solatran). It has been approved in many countries since 1980. Structure and properties Ketazolam (C20H17ClN2O3, Mr = 368.8 g/mol) structurally belongs to the 1,4-benzodiazepines. Effects Ketazolam (ATC N05BA10) has antianxiety, depressant, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties. The effects are due to binding to GABA-A receptors and enhancement … Ketazolam
Products Hydromorphone is commercially available as sustained-release tablets, sustained-release capsules, capsules, solution for injection, solution for infusion, and drops (e.g., Palladon, Jurnista, Hydromorphoni HCl Streuli). It has been approved in many countries since 1996. Structure and properties Hydromorphone (C17H19NO3, Mr = 285.3 g/mol) is a semisynthetic, hydrogenated and oxidized morphine derivative. It is present in … Hydromorphone
Products Orexin receptor antagonists are commercially available in tablet form. The first agent in this group to be approved in the United States was suvorexant (Belsomra) in 2014. Lemborexant (Dayvigo) followed in 2019. Structure and properties Orexin receptor antagonists are characterized by a central ring structure to which heterocycles are attached on both sides. Effects … Orexin Receptor Antagonists
Products Methadone is commercially available as tablets, injectable solution, and oral solution (e.g., Ketalgin, Methadone Streuli). Methadone solutions are also prepared in pharmacies as extemporaneous preparations. Structure and properties Methadone (C21H27NO, Mr = 309.45 g/mol) is a synthetically prepared derivative of pethidine, which is itself a derivative of atropine. It is chiral and exists as … Methadone
Products Perphenazine was commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Trilafon). It was approved in many countries in 1957 and went out of commerce on 3/31/2013. Structure and properties Perphenazine (C21H26ClN3OS, Mr = 403.9 g/mol) is a piperidine derivative of phenothiazine. It exists as a white to yellowish white crystalline powder that is practically … Perphenazine
