All important metabolic processes – enzymatic reactions, transport mechanisms, membrane potential changes, etc. – in our body are dependent on an optimal pH value, which lies between 7.38 and 7.42. To ensure that the pH is permanently in this range, our body has a special regulatory mechanism, the acid-base balance. The goal is homeostasis – … Anti-Aging Measures: Acid Base Balance
The anamnesis (medical history) represents an important component in the diagnosis of fallen splayfoot. Family history Are there any conditions in your family that are common? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history What is your profession? Do you often wear shoes with high heels? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological … Splayfoot (Pes Transversoplanus): Medical History
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes [ulcer (ulcer)?, ulcers (ulcers)?, mucosal pallor] Palpation (palpation) of the abdomen (abdomen) (tenderness?, knocking pain?, coughing pain?, defensive tension?, hernial orifices?, kidney bearing knocking pain?) … Mouth Ulcer: Examination
Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome may also occur during premenopause or perimenopause and menopause (menopause) or in association with thyroid disease.Laboratory tests are necessary to rule out other causes of your problems and to make a definite diagnosis.1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory testsHormone status – cycle diagnostics. 17-beta estradiol* Progesterone Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)* … Premenstrual Syndrome: Test and Diagnosis
Various methods are used to diagnose food allergy: Skin tests Prick test (detection of type 1 allergies) – a drop of an allergen extract is applied to the patient’s skin and then a lancet is used to prick the skin about 1 mm; the result is then read after about 10 minutes Scratch test – … Food Allergy: Test and Diagnosis
The therapy of secondary as well as tertiary hyperparathyroidism depends mainly on the underlying disease. General measures Review of permanent medication due topossible effect on existing disease. In secondary hyperparathyroidism: adequate outdoor exposure (UV exposure for vitamin D synthesis). Regular check-ups Regular medical checkups Nutritional medicine Nutritional counseling based on nutritional analysis Nutritional recommendations according … Parathyroid Hyperfunction (Hyperparathyroidism): Therapy
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 substances that have very different modes of action. Nicotine mediates neurobiological effects; for example, it has stimulating, appetite-reducing, rewarding, vigilance-increasing, and sedative effects. The psychotropic effects are manifold and are due to the nicotine-mediated release of dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine or beta-endorphin. Physical dependence results from … Tobacco Dependence: Causes
In incisional hernia – colloquially called incisional hernia – (Latin: hernia cicatrica; ICD-10-GM K43.0: incisional hernia with incarceration, without gangrene; ICD-10-GM K43.1: incisional hernia with gangrene; ICD-10-GM K43.2: incisional hernia without incarceration and without gangrene), the hernial orifice is formed by a scar that passes through all abdominal wall layers. Under stress, this diverges due … Incisional Hernia (Scar Hernia)
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate pityriasis rosea (rose lichen): Initial symptoms The first sign is usually the so-called mother plate, which often appears on the trunk; this is a good coin-sized, scaly, pinkish spot on the chest or back In addition, headache (cephalgia), fatigue, nervousness may occur Note: A manifestation on the genital … Rose Lichen (Pityriasis Rosea): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; primary hepatocellular carcinoma) – colloquially called liver cancer – (synonyms: Malignant neoplasm of the liver; Malignant neoplasm of the intrahepatic bile duct; Malignant neoplasm of the intralobular bile duct; Carcinoma hepatis; Carcinoma hepatocellulare; Carcinoma hepatocholangiocellulare; Hepatocarcinoma; Hepatoma; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Klatskin tumor; Liver carcinoma; Liver sarcoma; Liver teratoma; Malignant hepatoma; ICD-10-GM C22. 0: … Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
A so-called enterostoma is an artificial bowel outlet that is created as part of an intestinal surgical procedure. In this procedure, a loop of bowel is passed through the abdominal wall to the surface so that stool can be emptied through this artificial outlet. This represents an enormous hygienic challenge with regard to the care … Stoma Care
Bronchiectasis refers to irreversible (irreversible) pathologic (pathological) dilatations (enlargements) of the bronchi (synonyms: Bronchiectasis; bronchial dilatation; ICD-10-GM J47: bronchiectasis) that are preceded by damage to the bronchial walls from repeated inflammation (inflammation) and disruption of the drainage of bronchial secretions. “Ectasis” comes from the Greek and translates as “expansion.” The expansions can be saccular, spindle-shaped, … Bronchiectasis: Signs and Diagnosis
