Products Cortisone mixed ointments are not commercially available as finished drug products. They are prepared in pharmacies as extemporaneous preparations. Usually, a cream or ointment containing cortisone is diluted by mixing it with an ingredient-free base, such as Excipial or Antidry. The concentration of the glucocorticoid decreases in the process. However, the risk for adverse … Cortisone Mixed Ointments
Products Estradiol is commercially available in tablet, transdermal patch, transdermal gel, vaginal ring, and vaginal tablet forms, among others. It is also combined fixed with progestogens. Structure and properties Estradiol (C18H24O2, Mr = Mr = 272.4 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Synthetic estradiol is bioidentical with human … Estradiol
Products On the one hand, anabolic steroids are on the market as approved drugs, for example testosterone and other androgens. On the other hand, many agents are also produced and distributed illegally. Structure and properties Anabolic steroids structurally correspond to or are derived from androgens, the male sex hormones. The prototype of the group is … Anabolic Steroids: Synthetic Testosterone
Poducts Mercaptopurine is commercially available in tablet and oral suspension form (Puri-Nethol, Xaluprine). The active ingredient has been approved in many countries since 1955. Structure and properties Mercaptopurine (C5H4N4S – H2O, Mr = 170.2 g/mol) exists as a yellow crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is an analog of the purine bases … Mercaptopurine
Products Ciclesonide is administered with a metered-dose inhaler (Alvesco). It has been approved in many countries since 2006. In the United States, it has also been commercially available as a nasal spray for the treatment of allergic rhinitis since 2012 (Zetonna). Structure and properties Ciclesonide (C32H44O7, Mr = 540.7 g/mol) is a prodrug and is … Ciclesonide
Products Methylprednisolone aceponate has been approved in many countries since 1991 and is commercially available as cream, ointment, and fatty ointment (Advantan). Structure and properties Methylprednisolone aceponate (C27H36O7, Mr = 472.6 g/mol) is a lipophilic and nonhalogenated glucocorticoid that is hydrolyzed in the skin by esterases to the active metabolite 6α-methylprednisolone-17-propionate. Effects Methylprednisolone aceponate (ATC … Methylprednisolone Aceponate
Products Phytoestrogens are commercially available as dietary supplements, for example, in the form of capsules and tablets. They are found in various plants for example in nuts, seeds, fruits and vegetables. A typical example is soy. Structure and properties Phytoestrogens are a structurally disparate group of phytonutrients that resemble estrogens (estradiol) but do not have … Phytoestrogens
Products Nintedanib was approved in many countries in 2015 in soft capsule form (Ofev). Structure and properties Nintedanib (C31H33N5O4, Mr = 539.6 g/mol) is present in the drug as nintedanibesilate, a light yellow powder. Effects Nintedanib (ATC L01XE31) has antiproliferative and antitumor properties. It inhibits intracellular signaling pathways responsible for fibroblast proliferation, migration, and transformation. … Nintedanib
Products Adefovir is commercially available in tablet form (Hepsera). It has been approved in the United States since 2002, in the EU since 2003, and in many countries since 2004. It was actually originally developed to treat HIV infection, but was not approved for that purpose. Structure and properties Adefovir is present in the drug … Adefovir
Products Apremilast is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Otezla). It was approved in the United States in 2014 and in many countries and the EU in 2015. Structure and properties Apremilast (C22H24N2O7S, Mr = 460.5 g/mol) is a dioxoisoindole acetamide derivative. Effects Apremilast (ATC L04AA32) has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The effects … Apremilast
Products Mometasone nasal spray has been approved in many countries since 1997 (Nasonex, generics). Generic products were approved in 2012 and entered the market in 2013. Mometasone furoate is also used for the treatment of skin conditions and asthma see Mometasone and Mometasone Inhalation. Structure and properties Mometasone (C22H28Cl2O4, Mr = 427.4 g/mol) is present … Mometasone Nasal Spray
Effectiveness of the pill with macrolides If macrolides and the pill are taken at the same time, the effectiveness of the pill may be reduced. However, it is not possible to make an exact statement about the effectiveness of the pill in connection with macrolides, as not all macrolides have been tested with all the … Effectiveness of the pill with macrolides | Macrolides
