Side effects The most important side effects of the macrolides are the effects on the liver. Therapy with macrolides can lead to damage of liver cells. The higher the dose of the active substance, the more likely it is that this damage will occur. This is mainly due to the fact that the macrolides are … Side effects | Macrolides
Contraindications – When should macrolides not be given? Macrolides must not be given, especially if there is an allergy to the active ingredient. The macrolides must also not be given if there is an intolerance to other substances contained in the drug. Further contraindications exist for example for liver diseases. Since the macrolides are metabolized … Contraindications – When should macrolides not be given? | Macrolides
Macrolides and alcohol – is it compatible? Like most antibiotics, macrolides are primarily metabolized in the liver and then excreted via the liver. This can lead to interactions when alcohol is consumed at the same time as macrolide therapy. Macrolides and alcohol are therefore not compatible. The alcohol must also be metabolized in the liver. … Macrolides and alcohol – is it compatible? | Macrolides
Effectiveness of the pill with macrolides If macrolides and the pill are taken at the same time, the effectiveness of the pill may be reduced. However, it is not possible to make an exact statement about the effectiveness of the pill in connection with macrolides, as not all macrolides have been tested with all the … Effectiveness of the pill with macrolides | Macrolides
Products Tamoxifen is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Nolvadex, generic). It was synthesized in 1962 and tested as a contraceptive (“morning-after pill”) but was not suitable for this purpose. It was first used as a breast cancer drug in the early 1970s. It has been approved in many countries since 1976. Structure … Tamoxifen (Nolvadex): Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products The active ingredient fluticasone has been approved in many countries since 1994 and is included in numerous drugs: Powder inhalers (Arnuity Ellipta, Seretide + salmeterol, Relvar Ellipta + vilanterol, Trelegy Ellipta + vilanterol + umeclidinium bromide). Metered dose inhalers (Axotide, Seretide + salmeterol, Flutiform + formoterol). Nasal sprays (Avamys, Nasofan, Dymista + azelastine). Nasal … Fluticasone
Products Didanosine was commercially available in the form of capsules (Videx EC). It was first approved in 1991 as the second HIV drug after AZT (EC = enteric coated, capsules filled with enteric granules). Structure and properties Didanosine (C10H12N4O3, Mr = 236.2 g/mol) corresponds to 2′,3′-dideoxyinosine, a synthetic nucleoside analog of deoxyadenosine. The 3′-hydroxy group … Didanosine
Products Fluocinolone acetonide is commercially available as an ointment, cream, and suppositories (Synalar, Procto-Synalar N). It has been approved in many countries since 1963. Structure and properties Fluocinolone acetonide (C24H30F2O6, Mr = 452.5 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a fluorinated and fused glucocorticoid. Effects Fluocinolone … Fluocinolone Acetonide
Products Fluocinonide is commercially available as a cream and ointment in mono and combination formulations (Topsym). It has been approved in many countries since 1971. Structure and properties Fluocinonide (C26H32F2O7, Mr = 494.5 g/mol) is a fluorinated glucocorticoid. Effects Fluocinonide (ATC D07AC08) has anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antipruritic, and immunosuppressive properties. The effects are due to binding … Fluocinonide
Products Nasal sprays containing beclomethasone dipropionate have been approved in many countries since 1998 (Otri Hay Fever, formerly Beconase). Structure and properties The active ingredient beclometasone is present in the drug as beclometasone dipropionate (C24H32O4, Mr = 384.5 g/mol) is present, a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Beclomethasone dipropionate (ATC … Beclometasone Nasal Spray
Definition Glucuronidation refers to an intracellular metabolic reaction in which an endogenous or exogenous substrate is conjugated to glucuronic acid. The organism thereby makes the substrates more water soluble so that they can be rapidly excreted in the urine. Glucuronidation belongs to phase II metabolism (conjugations). UDP: uridine diphosphate UGT: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase Enzymes involved Glucuronidation is … Glucuronidation
Products Desonide was commercially available as a cream (Locapred). It had been approved in many countries since 1983. It was discontinued in 2020. Structure and properties Desonide (C24H32O6, Mr = 416.5 g/mol) is a nonfluorinated, fused glucocorticoid. It exists as a white and odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Desonide (ATC D07AB08) … Desonid
