The medical history (history of the patient) represents an important component in the diagnosis of abnormal reflexes. Family history Are there any conditions in your family that are common? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history What is your profession? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). What changes have you … Abnormal Reflexes: Medical History
Therapeutic target Removal of the lice and the nits (eggs of the head louse). Therapy recommendations Optimal therapy: combination of chemical, mechanical and physical principles of action. Safe killing of nits is not given by pediculocides (group of active substances for pharmacological therapy of head lice infestation; usually pyrethroids and organophosphates; very neurotoxic). Therefore, the … Head Lice Infestation (Pediculosis Capitis): Drug Therapy
Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (P00-P96). Physiologic in neonates (pyramidal tract not yet fully formed). Cardiovascular system (I00-I99) Vascular disease such as apoplexy (stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding within the skull; parenchymal, subarachnoid, sub- and epidural, and supra- and infratentorial hemorrhage) Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48). Brain tumors, unspecified Psyche – nervous system … Abnormal Reflexes: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
Medical device diagnosis is usually not required.
The following are differential diagnoses of cardiac pain-ordered into cardiac and noncardiac conditions: In bold, the most common adult differential diagnoses; in square brackets [children, adolescents], the most common child and adolescent differential diagnoses. A. Cardiac disease (approximately 30% of all cases) Cardiovascular (I00-I99). Acute aortic syndrome (AAS): clinical pictures that can lead to rupture … Heart Pain (Cardialgia): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
To prevent pediculosis capitis (head lice infestation), attention must be paid to reducing risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Transmission through close physical contact (“hair-to-hair contact”). Less common is transmission through objects that come into contact with the hair
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Auscultation (listening) of the heart [due todifferential diagnoses: Angina pectoris (“chest tightness”; sudden onset of pain in the region of the heart). Aortic aneurysm – … Heart Pain (Cardialgia): Examination
In inhalation, certain substances are atomized and inhaled using a special inhalation device (e.g., nebulizer). Saline solutions, medications, or essential oils are inhaled. Inhalation therapy is primarily used for: Moistening of the respiratory tract Loosening of secretions and liquefaction of bronchial secretions. Solution of cramps (spasmolysis) of the bronchial muscles. Relieve swelling and inflammation of … Inhalation Therapy
Laboratory parameters of the 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Small blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Highly sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) or troponin I (hs-cTnI) – for suspected myocardial infarction (heart attack). D-dimers – for suspected thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending … Heart Pain (Cardialgia): Test and Diagnosis
Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99). Epidermal cyst* (epidermal cyst) – bulging elastic skin nodule resulting from retention of horny and sebaceous masses, of various genesis (traumatic, inflammatory, naevoid). Cardiovascular system (I00-I99). Elephantiasis* – irreversible thickening/hardening of the skin with massive fluid retention. Congestive heart failure or decompensated heart failure* (heart failure). Thrombosis of the inferior vena … Testicular Swelling: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
Therapeutic Targets Symptomatic therapy Diagnosis finding Therapy recommendations Analgesia (analgesics/painkillers) according to WHO staging scheme until definitive therapy when diagnosis is confirmed: Non-opioid analgesic (paracetamol, first-line agent). Low-potency opioid analgesic (e.g., tramadol) + non-opioid analgesic. High-potency opioid analgesic (eg, morphine) + non-opioid analgesic.
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing): skin and mucous membranes. Inspection and palpation (palpation) of abdomen (abdomen) (tenderness?, knocking pain?, coughing pain?, guarding tension?, hernial orifices?, renal bearing knocking pain?) [abdominal mass?]; exclusion of supraclavicular … Testicular Swelling: Examination
