Products Clomipramine is commercially available as sustained-release tablets and coated tablets (Anafranil). It has been approved in many countries since 1966 (originally Geigy, later Novartis). The injection and infusion preparations are no longer marketed. Structure and properties Clomipramine (C19H23ClN2, Mr = 314.9 g/mol) is present in drugs as clomipramine hydrochloride, a white to pale yellow … Clomipramine
Products Tricyclic antidepressants are commercially available in many countries in the form of dragées, tablets, capsules, and drops. The first representative, imipramine, was developed at Geigy in Basel. Its antidepressant properties were discovered in the 1950s by Roland Kuhn at the psychiatric clinic in Münsterlingen (Thurgau). Imipramine was approved in many countries in 1958. Structure … Tricyclic Antidepressants
Products Isoprenaline was newly approved in many countries in the fall of 2010 as a solution for injection/concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Isuprel). Structure and properties Isoprenaline (C11H17NO3, Mr = 211.3 g/mol) is a methyl derivative of epinephrine and a racemate. It is present in the drug as isoprenaline hydrochloride, a white … Isoprenaline
Definition When two or more drugs are combined, they may affect each other. This is especially true with regard to their pharmacokinetics (ADME) and effects and adverse effects (pharmacodynamics). This phenomenon is called interaction and drug-drug interaction. Interactions are usually undesirable because they can lead to, for example, loss of efficacy, side effects, poisoning, hospitalization, … Interactions
Effects Antihistamine eye drops have antihistamine and antiallergic properties. They are more or less selective antagonists of histamine at the H1 receptor, abolish histamine effects and thus relieve symptoms such as itching, redness, swelling, and tearing. Compared with oral antihistamines, the effect occurs after only a few minutes and lasts up to 12 hours. Many … Antihistamine Eye Drops
Indications Inhibition of labor during pregnancy to prevent preterm delivery Active ingredients Minerals: Magnesium (e.g. magnesium diasporal). Calcium channel blockers: Nifedipine (Adalat, generic, off-label). Progestins: Progesterone (Utrogestan) Probiotics: Lactobacilli (vaginal suppositories to prevent infections). Oxytocin antagonists: Atosiban (Tractocile). Sympathomimetics: Hexoprenaline (Gynipral) Fenoterol (no indication in many countries). Salbutamol (Ventolin, no indication in many countries). Other … Labor Inhibitors
Products Cilazapril is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Inhibace). Fixed combinations with hydrochlorothiazide are available (Inhibace plus). Cilazapril has been approved in many countries since 1990. Structure and properties Cilazapril (C22H31N3O5, Mr = 417.5 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is a prodrug that … Cilazapril
Products Methylephedrine is sold in many countries exclusively in the form of capsules in combination with other active ingredients (Tossamine plus). Structure and properties Methylephedrine (C11H17NO, Mr = 179.3 g/mol) Effects Methylephedrine has bronchospasmolytic properties. Indications Tossamine plus is approved for the treatment of cough not associated with excessive mucus production.
Products Stimulants are commercially available as drugs, narcotics, dietary supplements, and foods. Dosage forms include tablets, capsules, and solutions. Structure and properties Stimulants do not have a uniform chemical structure, but groups can be identified. Many, for example the amphetamines, are derived from the natural catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. Effects The active ingredients … Stimulants
Products In many countries, no medicines containing milnacipran are registered. In other countries, film-coated tablets and capsules are available, for example Savella in the United States. Structure and properties Milnacipran (C15H22N2O, Mr = 246.4 g/mol) is present in the drug as milnacipran hydrochloride, a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water. It is … Milnacipran
Symptoms Benign hyperplasia of the prostate is a typical and chronic age-related condition in men. Approximately 50% of men over 50 and 80% of men over 80 are affected. The incidence and symptoms increase with age. Age is therefore the most important risk factor. The clinical symptoms are also called “benign prostatic syndrome”, because the … Prostate Enlargement Causes and Treatment
Products LABA is an acronym for , which means long-acting beta agonists (sympathomimetics). LABAs are mainly marketed as inhaled preparations (powders, solutions) administered with an inhaler such as a metered-dose inhaler, diskus, respimat, breezhaler, or ellipta. Some may also be given perorally. Salmeterol and formoterol were the first agents from this group to be approved … LABA
