Definition
With a torn toenail the toenail is torn to different depths. Although tearing of the nail is unpleasant, especially if the tear extends over the nail bed, it is usually not a medical problem, but only a cosmetic one. In rare cases, there are also underlying diseases that lead to nail malformations.
Causes
On the one hand, the causes can be too long toenails, which become unstable by themselves after a certain length and tear or with which one gets caught on an edge when walking barefoot. The fact that nails tear at some point is a normal process that allows them to grow and remain stable. But also external pressure on the toes can lead to a break and a tear in the nail.
In most cases this also leads to bleeding under the nail, which shines through the nail as a bruise. Already existing small cracks or improperly filed nails can promote a crack of the nail. With frequent tearing, damage to the nail structure can also be present.
This can be congenital, but also caused by external factors. For example, a mineral or vitamin deficiency (e.g. zinc or iron) can cause a brittle nail. It is also suspected that artificial nails have a negative effect on the nail structure.
Diagnosis
Associated symptoms
If it is only, a tear of the nail in the white area, the affected part should be cut off and the nail then filed. If the nail is torn up to above the nail bed, it is advisable to remove the parts that protrude above the nail bed and to file off all sharp points. If necessary, a plaster should be stuck over it to prevent the nail from getting stuck and tearing further.
To prevent nail bed inflammation, the nail can be additionally disinfected. In case of nail bed inflammation, the toe can be slightly protected from the effects of pressure with a plaster or small bandage. If pus develops, it should not be squeezed out under any circumstances.
To help the pus open and drain off, the nail can be bathed in warm water. You can also add chamomile, which has an antibacterial effect, to the bath water. Afterwards the toe should be gently dabbed.
It can then be treated with a disinfectant ointment. A pulling ointment is also possible. This should draw the inflammation further to the surface.
If a pus blister should open, it should be treated with a plaster. Of course, a doctor can also be consulted, who can drain the pus under sterile conditions. To prevent nail cracks in general, good nail care with regular shortening and filing of the nails is recommended.
