Summary
The clubfoot is the most frequent malformation of the lower extremity, it consists of 4 different foot malpositions and is often congenital. The causes for the formation of a clubfoot have not been clearly clarified, genetic changes in bone growth are suspected, the function of the muscles acting on the foot is also impaired, and a muscular imbalance occurs. Especially in the calf muscles, malformations can occur.
Effects on the unborn child during pregnancy can also promote the formation of a clubfoot. In addition to bones and muscles, the nerves or vessels can also be involved in altered growth. The malposition of the clubfoot can, however, also develop as a result of accidents with fractures in the lower extremity or neurological injuries.
The therapy is carried out by means of redressement and retention through the regularly corrected application of a plaster splint. Physiotherapeutic exercises accompany the patient until the end of the growth phase and beyond if necessary. Operations may be necessary.
The patient should carry out the exercises regularly. Especially with children, a varied playful therapy concept should be considered.
