Products In many countries, human drugs containing ampicillin are no longer commercially available. In other countries, film-coated tablets and injectables are available, often in fixed combination with sulbactam. Structure and properties Ampicillin (C16H19N3O4S, Mr = 349.4 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. In contrast, the sodium salt ampicillin … Ampicillin (Polycillin, Principen, Omnipen)
Products Amoxicillin is commercially available in the form of tablets, film-coated tablets, dispersible tablets, as powder or granules for the preparation of a suspension, as an infusion and injection preparation, and as a veterinary drug. In addition to the original Clamoxyl, numerous generics are available today. Amoxicillin was launched in 1972 and has been approved … Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
Products Cefaclor is commercially available as sustained-release film-coated tablets and as a suspension (Ceclor). It has been approved in many countries since 1978. Structure and properties Cefaclor monohydrate (C15H14ClN3O4S – H2O, Mr = 385.8) is a white to pale yellow powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is a semisynthetic antibiotic and has structural … Cefaclor
Products Cefamandol is commercially available as an injectable (Mandokef). It has been approved in many countries since 1978. Structure and properties Cefamandol (C18H18N6O5S2, Mr = 462.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as cefamandolafate, a white powder that is readily soluble in water. Effects Cefamandol (ATC J01DA07) has bactericidal properties. The effects are due to inhibition … Cefamandol
Effects Carbapenems (ATC J01DH) are bactericidal against aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Effects are based on binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) and inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis, resulting in bacterial dissolution and death. Imipenem, the first representative of the drug group, is degraded by the renal enzyme dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I). It is therefore … Carbapeneme
Products Penicillins are commercially available today in the form of film-coated tablets, capsules, as solutions for injection and infusion, as powders for preparing an oral suspension, and as syrups, among others. Penicillin was discovered in September 1928 at St. Mary’s Hospital in London by Alexander Fleming. He was working with staphylococcal cultures in Petri dishes. … Penicillins
Products Meropenem is commercially available as a powder for solution for injection/infusion (Meronem, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1995. The antibiotic is also combined with the beta-lactamase inhibitor vaborbactam. Structure and properties Meropenem (C17H25N3O5S, Mr = 383.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as meropenem trihydrate, a white to slightly yellowish crystalline … Meropenem
Products Aztreonam is commercially available as a dry substance for parenteral administration (Azactam) and as an inhalation solution (Cayston). It has been approved in many countries since 1986. Structure and properties Aztreonam (C13H17N5O8S2, Mr = 435.4 g/mol) Effects Aztreonam (ATC J01DF01) is antibacterial against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, including . Indications For parenteral treatment of bacterial … Aztreonam
Effects Antibacterial Active ingredients Aztreonam (Azactam) Carumonam (not commercially available in many countries).
Structure and properties Doripenem (C15H24N4O6S2, Mr = 420.5 g/mol) exists as doripenem monohydrate, a white to slightly yellow crystalline powder. It bears a 1-β-methyl group that protects it from degradation by dehydropeptidase I. Effects Doripenem (ATC J01DH04) is bactericidal against numerous aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its effects are based on inhibition of … Doripenem
Products Ertapenem is commercially available as a lyophylisate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Invanz). It has been approved in many countries since 2003. Structure and properties Ertapenem (C22H25N3O7S, Mr = 475.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as ertapenem sodium, a white, hygroscopic, weakly crystalline powder that is soluble in water. It is a … Ertapenem
Products Cefazolin is commercially available as an injection and infusion preparation (Kefzol, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1974. Structure and properties Cefazolin (C14H14N8O4S3, Mr = 454.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as cefazolin sodium, a white powder that is readily soluble in water. Effects Cefazolin (ATC J01DA04) is bactericidal. Its effects … Cefazolin
