Introduction
Ibuprofen is a painkiller freely available in pharmacies up to a single dose of 400mg. It works by inhibiting enzymes so that the production of “pain mediators” (prostaglandins) in the body is stopped and pain is relieved. Besides paracetamol, ibuprofen is one of the few painkillers that are not completely prohibited during pregnancy. Nevertheless, special caution is required and the use of painkillers should always be in consultation with the treating doctor.
Ibuprofen intake in different trimens
In the first trimester of pregnancy (this period corresponds to the 0-13th week of pregnancy) the intake of ibuprofen is possible in consultation with the treating doctor. Studies have so far not shown an increased risk of malformation if ibuprofen is taken within this period. There are no serious indications of a developmentally damaging effect on the child during the first trimester of pregnancy.
However, when taking ibuprofen, strict attention should always be paid to the exact dosage. In the 2nd trimester of pregnancy (this period corresponds to the 14th-27th week of pregnancy), as in the 1st trimester, there seems to be no scientifically proven increased risk of malformations and miscarriages due to the intake of ibuprofen. Taking ibuprofen in strictly regulated doses and in consultation with the treating physician may be considered.
Care should be taken to ensure that the drug is actually taken in the 2nd trimester and not at a later stage. The application possibilities remain the same as in the 1st trimester. The birth can be delayed by taking ibuprofen, as the drug also has an inhibitory effect on the contractions.
Due to these harmful effects of the medication on the fetus, painkillers should be avoided during the 3rd trimester if possible. Instead, general measures such as rest, sufficient sleep, exercise, etc. should be resorted to.
Side effects of Ibuprofen in pregnant women
Ibuprofen may also be accompanied by various side effects during pregnancy. In this context, mainly gastrointestinal complaints caused by taking the drug should be mentioned. Ibuprofen inhibits the formation of prostaglandin, thus reducing pain transmission and inflammatory processes.
However, it also affects the production of gastric mucus and stomach acid. If less prostaglandins are produced, a mismatch between protective mucus and aggressive stomach acid develops, so that heartburn and the risk of developing stomach ulcers increases with prolonged intake. Nausea and vomiting can also occur.
Another side effect, especially during pregnancy, is the delay in giving birth. Prostaglandins normally strengthen the contractions. This effect is absent when prostaglandin formation is suppressed and the birth can be significantly delayed. The effect of ibuprofen during pregnancy depends, as described above, on the time of intake, but is also dependent on the amount and frequency of the drug taken. Harmful effects are assumed to occur after the 27th week of pregnancy, but the extent of the damage is difficult to predict.