Products Enalapril is commercially available in tablet form (Reniten, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1984. The active ingredient is also combined fixed with hydrochlorothiazide. Structure and properties Enalapril (C20H28N2O5, 376.45 g/mol) is present in drugs as enalapril maleate, a white powder that is sparingly soluble in water. Enalapril is the prodrug … Enalapril: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Background Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) often occurs as an adverse effect of antidiabetic drugs. It manifests as activation of the sympathetic nervous system with sweating, palpitations, nausea, tremors, and even unconsciousness and coma. At the first signs of hypoglycemia, the patient should immediately consume 24 to 36 g of glucose (corresponding to 2-3 bread units; … Liquid Dextrose
Products Metformin is commercially available in many countries in the form of film-coated tablets and has been available since 1960. In addition to the original Glucophage, numerous generics are available today. Metformin is often combined with various other antidiabetic drugs fix. It has been used medically since 1957. Other antidiabetic biguanides such as phenformin and … Metformin: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Perindopril is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets and has been approved in many countries since 1989 (Coversum N, generic). It is also approved as a fixed combination with indapamide (Coversum N combi, generic) or amlodipine (Coveram, generic). Generic of the fixed combination with amlodipine was first registered in many countries in … Perindopril
Products Gliclazide has been commercially available in sustained-release tablet form and approved in many countries since 1978. The sustained-release dosage forms entered the market in 2001. In addition to the original Diamicron MR, sustained-release generics have been available since 2008. Sales of the non-retarded Diamicron 80 mg were discontinued in 2012. Structure and properties Gliclazide … Gliclazide
Products Gliptins are commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets. Sitagliptin (Januvia) was the first representative to be approved in the United States in 2006. Today, various active ingredients and combination products are commercially available (see below). They are also called dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Structure and properties Some gliptins have a proline-like structure because … Gliptine
Products Torasemide is commercially available in tablet form (Torem, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1993. Structure and properties Torasemide (C16H20N4O3S, Mr = 348.4 g/mol) exists as a white powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a pyridine-sulfonylurea derivative. Torasemide differs structurally from its precursor furosemide (Lasix, generics), a sulfonamide. … Torasemide
Products Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are commercially available in tablet and syrup form (Bactrim, generics). The drug has been approved in many countries since 1969. The Bactrim syrup is no longer available, but a generic is available (Nopil syrup). The fixed combination of the two active ingredients is also called cotrimoxazole. Structure and properties Trimethoprim (C14H18N4O3, … Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole
Products Insulins are primarily commercially available in the form of clear injection solutions and turbid injection suspensions (vials, cartridges for pens, ready-to-use pens). In some countries, inhalation preparations are also available. However, these are an exception. Insulins should be stored in a refrigerator at 2 to 8°C (see under Refrigerated Storage). They must not be … Insulins
Types Two types of insulin pens are available on the market: 1. Insulin ready-to-use pens (disposable pens, flexpens): with the insulin ampoules already inserted, they are ready for immediate use. When the ampoule is empty, the entire pen is disposed of. 2. Reusable insulin pens: the empty insulin ampoule is replaced with a new, filled … Insulin Pens
Products Insulin degludec is commercially available as a solution for injection (Tresiba). It is also combined fixed with insulin aspart (Ryzodeg, see under IDegAsp). It was newly approved in many countries in March 2013. In 2014, a fixed combination with liraglutide was registered (Xultophy); see under IDegLira. Structure and properties Insulin degludec has essentially the … Insulin Degludec
Antidiabetic drugs are needed when the body is unable to self-regulate blood glucose levels using the body’s own insulin. What are antidiabetic drugs? Monitoring blood glucose and taking antidiabetic medications for diabetes mellitus can prevent damage to blood vessels and nerves from permanently elevated blood glucose levels. Antidiabetics are drugs used to treat the metabolic … Antidiabetic Drugs: Effects, Uses & Risks
