Products Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are commercially available in tablet and syrup form (Bactrim, generics). The drug has been approved in many countries since 1969. The Bactrim syrup is no longer available, but a generic is available (Nopil syrup). The fixed combination of the two active ingredients is also called cotrimoxazole. Structure and properties Trimethoprim (C14H18N4O3, … Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole
Definition When two or more drugs are combined, they may affect each other. This is especially true with regard to their pharmacokinetics (ADME) and effects and adverse effects (pharmacodynamics). This phenomenon is called interaction and drug-drug interaction. Interactions are usually undesirable because they can lead to, for example, loss of efficacy, side effects, poisoning, hospitalization, … Interactions
Products Anakinra is marketed as a solution for injection in a prefilled syringe (Kineret). The drug has not yet been approved in many countries. Structure and properties Anakinra is a recombinant, nonglycosylated human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. It differs from natural IL-1Ra in having an additional methionine at the N terminus. Anakinra consists of 153 amino … Anakinra
Products Methotrexate is commercially available as a solution for parenteral use and in tablet form. See also under methotrexate prefilled syringe (low-dose). Structure and properties Methotrexate (C20H22N8O5, Mr = 454.44 g/mol) is a dicarboxylic acid that exists as a yellow to orange crystalline powder that is virtually insoluble in water. Methotrexate was developed as a … Methotrexate: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Poducts Mercaptopurine is commercially available in tablet and oral suspension form (Puri-Nethol, Xaluprine). The active ingredient has been approved in many countries since 1955. Structure and properties Mercaptopurine (C5H4N4S – H2O, Mr = 170.2 g/mol) exists as a yellow crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is an analog of the purine bases … Mercaptopurine
Products Nimesulide is commercially available as tablets and granules (Nisulide, Aulin). It has been approved in many countries since 1991. Nisulide gel is no longer available. Structure and properties Nimesulide (C13H12N2O5S, Mr = 308.3 g/mol) belongs to the sulfonanilide group. It exists as a yellowish crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Nimesulide … Nimesulid
Symptoms Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory, benign, and noninfectious skin disease. It manifests as symmetrical (bilateral), sharply demarcated, bright red, dry, raised plaques covered by silvery scales. Typically affected areas are the elbows, knees, and scalp. Itching, a burning sensation and pain are other symptoms, and scratching further aggravates the condition. Psoriasis can also affect … Psoriasis Causes and Treatment
Products Apremilast is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Otezla). It was approved in the United States in 2014 and in many countries and the EU in 2015. Structure and properties Apremilast (C22H24N2O7S, Mr = 460.5 g/mol) is a dioxoisoindole acetamide derivative. Effects Apremilast (ATC L04AA32) has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The effects … Apremilast
Products The vitamin B complex is, among other things, in the form of tablets, capsules and effervescent tablets from various suppliers as medicines as well as dietary supplements on the market (eg, Becozym forte, Berocca, Burgerstein B-complex). Many multivitamin preparations also contain the B vitamins. Many B vitamins were discovered in the 1930s. At that … Vitamin B Complex Health Benefits
Products Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are available in numerous dosage forms. These include film-coated tablets, tablets, sustained-release tablets, oral suspensions, oral granules, suppositories, NSAID eye drops, lozenges, emulsifying gels, and creams (selection). The first active ingredient from this group was salicylic acid, which was used medicinally in the 19th century in the form of the … NSAID
Symptoms Possible symptoms of the disease include: Fever, chills Muscle pain Headache Fatigue, weakness, feeling of sickness Bilateral joint pain and joint inflammation with redness and swelling (monoarthritis to polyarthritis). They often affect the peripheral joints of the hands, feet and knees. Maculopapular rash, especially on the trunk and extremities. Joint symptoms can last for … Ross River Virus
Products Rosiglitazone was commercially available in tablet form (Avandia). It had been approved since 1999 and was also commercially available in fixed combination with the biguanide metformin (Avandamet). The combination with the sulfonylurea glimepiride (Avaglim, EU, off-label) was not approved in many countries. A publication in on possible cardiovascular risks led to a controversy about … Rosiglitazone
