General measures Nicotine restriction (refraining from tobacco use) – smoking cessation improves treatment success, among other things. Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. 25 g alcohol per day; women: max. 12 g alcohol per day). Limited caffeine consumption – Depending on individual tolerance, the consumption of coffee and black tea should be limited to 2 cups … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Therapy
Recognized strategies for the prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection do not yet exist. It is likely that hygienic conditions during childhood are important.
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate Helicobacter pylori infection: Dyspeptic discomfort – often presenting as epigastric (“referring to the upper abdomen (epigastrium)”) fasting pain Belching Feeling of pressure in the upper abdomen Cramping abdominal discomfort (abdominal pain). Nausea (nausea) Feeling of fullness Anorexia (loss of appetite) Nausea, possibly vomiting Stomach pain Pyrosis (heartburn) Retrosternal … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) The bacterium Helicobacter pylori produces the enzyme urease. This hydrolyzes urea in the stomach to ammonia, which in turn neutralizes gastric acid. This allows the bacterium to survive in the acidic environment of the stomach. It colonizes the mucosa (lining) of the stomach, causing it to lose its natural protective barrier. … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Causes
Liver, gallbladder, and biliary tract-pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87). Cholelithiasis (gallstones). Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Functional dyspepsia (irritable stomach syndrome). Gastritis (gastritis) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (synonyms: GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); gastroesophageal reflux disease (reflux disease); gastroesophageal reflux; reflux esophagitis; reflux disease; Reflux esophagitis; … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by Helicobacter pylori infection: Circulatory system (I00-I99) Myocardial infarction (heart attack) associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Chronic gastritis (chronic gastritis) (synonym: type B gastritis). Dyspepsia (irritable stomach syndrome). Ulcus duodeni (duodenal ulcer) … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Complications
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes and sclerae (white part of the eye). Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? Pulsations? Bowel movements? Visible vessels? Scars? … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Examination
1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Invasive methods: Culture [sensitivity 70-90%, specificity 100%] Histology (gold standard) after endoscopic biopsy (tissue sample) [sensitivity 80-98 %, specificity 90-98 %] Urease rapid test (synonym: Helicobacter urease test; trade name: CLO test) – biopsy is thereby given into a urea-containing color indicator solution (bedside test) [sensitivity 90-95 … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic targets Elimination of Helicobacter pylori. Avoidance of complications Therapy recommendations Notice: Because of increasing antibiotic resistance, eradication of Helicobacter pylori should preferably be accomplished with bismuth quadruple therapy Prior to initiation of treatment, risk factors for clarithromycin resistance should be determined. If not, triple therapy with proton pump inhibitor (PPI), clarithromycin and metronidazole for … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Drug Therapy
Mandatory medical device diagnostics. Gastroduodenoscopy (endoscopy of the stomach and duodenum) with biopsies (tissue sampling) From the age of 50 years, gastritis classification should be performed by endoscopy AND histology (two biopsies (tissue samples) each from the antrum (area in front of the gastric outlet) and corpus (body of the stomach)) as part of an … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Diagnostic Tests
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Family history Is there a history of frequent gastrointestinal tract diseases in your family? Social history Is there any evidence of psychosocial stress or strain due to your family situation? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). Do … Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Medical History