Products Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are commercially available in tablet and syrup form (Bactrim, generics). The drug has been approved in many countries since 1969. The Bactrim syrup is no longer available, but a generic is available (Nopil syrup). The fixed combination of the two active ingredients is also called cotrimoxazole. Structure and properties Trimethoprim (C14H18N4O3, … Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole
Products Paracetamol is commercially available in the form of tablets, film-coated tablets, melting tablets, effervescent tablets, as granules, drops, syrups, suppositories, soft capsules, and infusion solution, among others (e.g., Acetalgin, Dafalgan, Panadol, and Tylenol). Paracetamol was not approved until the 1950s (Panadol, Tylenol), although it was developed in the 19th century. It has been registered … Paracetamol: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Bromhexine is commercially available as tablets, syrup, and solution (Bisolvon). It has been approved in many countries since 1966. Structure and properties Bromhexine (C14H20Br2N2, Mr = 376.1 g/mol) is a brominated aniline and benzylamine derivative. It is present in drugs as bromhexine hydrochloride, a white crystalline powder that is very sparingly soluble in water. … Bromhexine
Products Umifenovir is available in Russia, among other countries, in tablet, capsule, and syrup form without a doctor’s prescription (Arbidol). It was developed in the Soviet Union in the 1970s. The drug is not approved in the United States, Europe, and Switzerland. Structure and properties Umifenovir (C22H25BrN2O3S, Mr = 477.4 g/mol) is a brominated indole … Umifenovir
Products Loperamide is commercially available in the form of capsules, film-coated tablets, melting tablets, and as a syrup (Imodium, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1977. Structure and properties Loperamide (C29H33ClN2O2, Mr = 477.0 g/mol) is a piperidine derivative and has structural similarities to the neuroleptic haloperidol and the peristaltic inhibitor diphenoxylate. … Loperamide: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Lopinavir is commercially available as film-coated tablets and as a syrup as a fixed combination with ritonavir (Kaletra). It has been approved in many countries since 2000. Structure and properties Lopinavir (C37H48N4O5, Mr = 628.8 g/mol) exists as a white to yellowish white powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Lopinavir (ATC J05AE06) … Lopinavir
Products Cyproheptadine is no longer commercially available in many countries (formerly Periactin). In the United States, it is available in tablet, syrup, and powder forms, among others. Structure and properties Cyproheptadine (C21H21N, Mr = 287.4 g/mol) is a methylpiperidine derivative structurally related to pizotifen (Mosegor, off label). It is present in drugs as cyproheptadine hydrochloride, … Cyproheptadine
Products Terbutaline is commercially available as a turbuhaler and has been approved in many countries since 1987 (Bricanyl). The syrup is out of commerce. Other dosage forms are available in other countries (e.g., tablets, solution for injection). Structure and properties Terbutaline (C12H19NO3, Mr = 225.3 g/mol) is present in drugs as terbutaline sulfate, a white … Terbutaline
Products Lacosamide is commercially available as film-coated tablets, syrup, and infusion solution (Vimpat). It has been approved in many countries since 2009. Structure and properties Lacosamide (C13H18N2O3, Mr = 250.3 g/mol) is present as a white to slightly yellow powder and is sparingly soluble in water. It is present in the drug as a pure … Lacosamide
Products Lacitol is commercially available as a powder in sachets and as a syrup (Importal). It has been approved in many countries since 1985. Structure and properties Lactitol is present in drugs as lactitol monohydrate (C12H24O11 – H2O, Mr = 362.3 g/mol). Lactitol monohydrate is a white crystalline powder that is very soluble in water. … Lactitol
Products Guaifenesin is commercially available as a syrup and in the form of drops (e.g., NeoCitran cough suppressant, formerly Resyl, combination products, Resyl plus). It has been approved in many countries since 1946. Structure and properties Guaifenesin (C10H14O4, Mr = 198.2 g/mol) is the glycerol ether of guaiacol, a natural substance found in guaiacol trees. … Guaifenesin
Definition Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of substances and mixtures. Dilutions are commonly used in pharmacy, especially for liquid and semisolid dosage forms, and play an important role in manufacturing. Solid dosage forms such as powders can also be diluted. For an optimal understanding of this topic, we also recommend the articles … Dilutions
