With the experimental and clinical studies currently available, it can be demonstrated that probiotics are capable of the following beneficial effects: Promotion or maintenance of optimal intestinal flora. Prevention of colonization of pathogenic germs in the intestine and the passage of pathogenic bacteria through the intestinal wall (translocation). Formation of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, … Probiotics: Functions
The European food safety authority (EFSA) last evaluated vitamins and minerals for safety in 2006 and set a so-called Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for each micronutrient, provided sufficient data were available. This UL reflects the maximum safe level of a micronutrient that will not cause adverse effects when taken daily from all sources for … Vitamin A: Safety Assessment
The anamnesis (medical history) represents an important component in the diagnosis of fallen splayfoot. Family history Are there any conditions in your family that are common? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history What is your profession? Do you often wear shoes with high heels? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological … Splayfoot (Pes Transversoplanus): Medical History
Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome may also occur during premenopause or perimenopause and menopause (menopause) or in association with thyroid disease.Laboratory tests are necessary to rule out other causes of your problems and to make a definite diagnosis.1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory testsHormone status – cycle diagnostics. 17-beta estradiol* Progesterone Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)* … Premenstrual Syndrome: Test and Diagnosis
2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic clarification Test for Helicobacter pylori (see below Helicobacter pylori infection/laboratory diagnostics).
A deficiency symptom may indicate that there is an insufficient supply of vital substances (micronutrients). The complaint bleeding indicates a deficiency of vital nutrients for Vitamin C A risk group indicates the possibility that the disease may be associated with the risk of vital substance deficiency. The complaint bleeding indicates a vital substance deficiency for. … Polymenorrhea: Micronutrient Therapy
The diagnosis is usually made clinically. 2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic clarification. Direct virus detection using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) from vesicle contents, skin biopsies, cerebrospinal fluid* , or blood – for detection of varicella zoster virus infection [sensitivity and specificity … Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Test and Diagnosis
Mr. Genitourinary System (N00-N99) The following are the major diseases or complications that may be co-morbid with hypoparathyroidism (hypothyroidism): Eyes and ocular appendages (H00-H59). Tetanic cataract (calcification of the lens of the eye). Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Calcium overdose may result in the following complications: Hypercalcemia syndrome – this leads to: Gastrointestinal disorders/gastrointestinal … Hypothyroidism (Hypoparathyroidism): Complications
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination-including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae (white part of the eye) [cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin/mucous membranes in the absence of oxygen)?; generalized edema (water retention in the tissues)?; petechiae (“flea-like … Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS): Examination
Pathogenesis (development of disease) In the pathogenesis of primary anal fissures, hypertonicity of the sphincter muscle plays a central role. Consequently, all causes that increase sphincter tone (sphincter muscle tone) should be discussed. Classically, this is mainly constipation and hard stool. A secondary anal fissure is caused by an injury of the anal canal due … Anal Fissure: Causes
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by spinal muscular atrophy: Respiratory system (J00-J99) Aspiration pneumonia – pneumonia caused by inhalation of foreign substances (in this case, stomach contents). Pneumonia (pneumonia) Respiratory insufficiency – isolated arterial hypoxemia (oxygen deficiency) with reduction of partial pressure of oxygen below a … Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Complications
To prevent xerostomia (dry mouth), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors.Behavioral risk factors Mouth breathing Stress Medication ACE inhibitors (benazepril, captopril, cilazapril, enalapril, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, moexipril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, spirapril, trandolapril, zofenopril). Alpha-2 agonists (apraclonidine, brimonidine, clonidine). Alpha-1 receptor blockers (bunazosin, doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin). Anorectic (sibutramine). Anti-allergic (H1 antihistamines) Anticholinergics (ipratropium … Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Prevention
